This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national . Rt. However, that is not so in a federal government system. Possessing a lot of power will enable them have the authority to raise navy and armies that could control tragedies from happening by protecting the nation. States also engage in economic competition which causes economic warfare amongst them. Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. Knowing what you can or cannot do can be a confusing process, especially when there are conflicting statements offered by the different parties. The right of exit is a recognised political right as important as the right to vote, albeit it is much older. This is so because where federal principles apply, the various ethnic groups that cannot or dont form majority to produce large part may have the opportunity of governing themselves within their federating unit controlled by them. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. 2.4 It Provides A Structure That Diffuses The Governmental Power. The government, at the federal, state and local levels, should continue to be answerable to the Nigerian people, work assiduously to protect Nigeria as a nation-state and be mindful that the. This form of government will also make it challenging for a single branch of government to obtain complete control over the structure. They also have implied powers which are necessary in delegation of power in the nation. Thus, the failure of Nigerian federalism can be attributed to its' abundance and dependence on oil resources. 6. Federalism promotes unity: the system provides a united national government deal in matters such as finance, defence, regulation of business and foreign affairs. Central Versus Provincial So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. What Are The Advantages Of Federalism? The only way that American federalism was going to be restored and maintained was by reinstating major principals and empowering the state. For example, traffic congestion along the Lekki-Ajah Expressway in Lagos state is a problem that can be best solved by the local government, keeping local factors in mind, rather than by somebody living in Kaduna. The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. Read Also:Importance of Indigenization in Nigeria. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. This content downloaded from 202.43.93 on Sat, 07 Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC . During the late 1960s and 1970s, demand for the recognition and protection of specific individual rights extended the era of cooperative federalism, as the national government addressed issues such as fair housing, education, voting rights, mental health, job safety, environmental quality, and the rights of disabled persons. No doubt, the Ethnic, Religious and Geographical nature of Nigeria also contributed to the reason why federalism was adopted. That will help you to understand more about a rigid and written constitution. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. If this structure was not available, then you would get cookie-cutter regulations that may not apply to some geographical areas. s" fiscal federalism and Nigeria development indexes (measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate). 2.5 It Encourages Innovation In Governing. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, 9 Powerful Catholic Prayers Asking for Forgiveness, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. Another important factor that necessitated federalism in Nigeria was the political culture of the country. Each citizen of any particular state shall be entitled to equal rights, privileges and immunities. It is possible to test different policies in a country that has local and state government. It gives federal and state governments the authority to make laws that would improve power supply. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. The Benefits of Federalism. The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. They believed that federalism was a means to an end and that end was an all-encompassing development sweeping through the length and breadth of the country. Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria. (2019, November 23). What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? >> Rich states offer more opportunities and benefits to its citizens than poor states can. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. This process can create positive or negative results. What is the role of a reference librarian? There are efficiencies to consider with delegation that make this governing structure such an inviting option. It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. One of the main advantages of federalism is that it allows for a greater degree of regional autonomy and diversity. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. There are natural disasters, national welfare aid distributed to the states for authorization, public education resources, and many more benefits or circumstances where someone must navigate each level of government to find the results they want. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr Federalism and the National Question: Assessing the implications of Ethnic Agitations and Marginalization in Nigeria Daniel O. Okorie Email: obinnadaniel31@gmail.com Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, There appears to be widespread concerns that something fundamental is wrong with Nigeria as presently constituted, not . In 1963 Midwestern region was created and Nigeria became a nation of four regions. What are strengths and weaknesses of federalism? If you travel to almost any town, city, or village in the United States, then you will discover a different set of laws, rules, and regulations to follow. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. America wanted to control all the economic activities of the nation and raising the national government powers would enable them achieve it. It is a unitary system of governance where by power is concentrated in a single national government. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. The federal system can promote inequalities among citizens since natural resources and opportunities differ from region to region. Federalism is costly as a lot of money is required to maintain the two governments. The military were able to create more states because military decrees do not pass the same rigorous method bills pass in a democratic government. What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. 3 Advantages Of Federalism In The Philippines. Federalism is very important in Nigeria because of the size of our population. The U.S. government threatened to pull funding from the cities choosing this action, and then filed suit against them in an effort to try getting compliance. You are not allowed to sell the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware. Problems facing the legal profession in Nigeria, History of the legal profession in Nigeria, Problems of Local Government in Nigeria And Solutions, 5 important Characteristic of customary law, Sources of Nigerian Law: everything you need to know. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpC_7fPE3-A. It has been suggested that the creation of more states and local government have helped in the distribution of national cake. The federal system makes government more manageable. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. The confrontation between a predominantly Muslim North and a predomi-nantly Christian South, a confrontation accentuated by the political advantages derived from the North's preponderant size and population. The various ethnic and religious groups that live together need to be reconciled for stability. The definition of federalism is straightforward: it is the federal principle or system of government. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. 8. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." What are the negative effects of federalism? In a unitary constitution which opposes federal principles, everything belongs to the central government; the federating unit does not exist, let alone agitating for resource control. Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. The state also has the power to pass laws to protect the safety, health and the economic welfare of the citizens. Natural resources, industries, employment opportunities differ from region to region. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Nigeria as a country occupies a large geographical area and what she has as singular states in Nigeria is the equivalent of the entirety of some other African countries. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. Federalism does not get good press in Australia. But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, This process is usually a healthy way to help keep households safe no matter where they are in the country. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". They will then have special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. It creates a sense of local patriotism. Not only is Nigerias population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. 1. /Height 235 This was meant to re-establish proper rule and national governance. Even the European Union is an example of federalism. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. In a federal system, power is shared by the national and state governments. Several positive and negative attributes of federalism have manifested themselves in the U.S. political system. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Other forms of government do not offer such an opportunity. IvyPanda. By the time Nigeria got her independence, the various party involved had been regionally based. READ ALSO: History of democracy in Nigeria from 1960. There can be a rebellion by a regional government against the national government too. What is the advantage of federal state structure? The fact that Nigeria is regarded as Africa's only "federal" state commands the interest not only of political scientists but also of policymakers and all those stream 1 What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? Both scenarios pose a threat to the countries integrity. Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. All variables measure of fiscal federalism had a positive relationship with per capita income excluding revenue allocated to the LGA's, that of mortality rate had a negative relationship with the variables . Different states also have different laws making it hard to enforce law on visitors who had moved in the state. Jega, A. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. This is intended to improve supply of power. Government Structure and Systems of Government Federal Government. It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." It can also make the state governments selfish and concerned only about their own regions progress. Because this structure of government looks at cooperation and sharing as its primary structure, there is an opportunity to try a different set of policies to see how they will work. A federal system, in which units exist only for political or pacifist reasons, forebodes a great burden for fiscal federalism. % In some areas where major communal or other social antagonism cuts across territorial boundaries, ranging through all the federating units, communities or classes have been driven to seek to protect or strengthen their position by inter-territorial union. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." In 1788, Fisher Ames of Massachusetts made a declaration to increase the powers of the national government. The federal system makes decision making more complex and difficult. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. Although there are challenges to face in any type of government, most people who live in a federalist system say that they wouldnt change the structure whatsoever. You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. Possess power would probably give them the voice to air out their grievances. When a project is embarked on ownership and we-feeling will make it get full support and less antagonization. Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Increasing Citizen Participation - By not centralizing all power into the hands of a /Type /XObject People must stay in compliance with the laws that are in every layer of governing. (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. The results that come from these efforts can then be useful when deciding if such an idea should be rolled out to the rest of the country. Federalism provides a structure that diffuses governmental power . 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