On the other, his politically conservative approach to governancein particular, his reliance on ideological oversight and media censorshiphas left him at loggerheads with many of the countrys intellectuals. Cheng Li, Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press, 2016), p. 268. Subversive definition, tending or intending to subvert or overthrow, destroy, or undermine an established or existing system, especially a legally constituted government or a set of beliefs. The daughter, Liu Hes half-sister, married Gong Zheng, the current governor of Shandong Province. Hans reputation as a competent, seasoned financial and economic technocrat, as well as his market-friendly policy orientation in cosmopolitan Shanghai, has generally been well received in business communities both in China and abroad. Li began working in the CCYL Central Committee at the end of 1982, precisely when Hu Jintao became secretary of the CCYL. Hu joined the CCP in 1983. Liu was subsequently promoted to director of the State Information Center (19982001). Like her mentor Hu Jintao, Sun is known for her keen interest in promoting a harmonious society, supporting policy initiatives for affordable housing, social welfare for low-income families, and poverty reduction. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. Yet, as the youngest vice premier of the State Council and a two-time Politburo member, Hu is still the highest-ranking leader of the sixth generation. 6 Rubber Shoes Factory (198788), and party secretary and deputy director of the Dazhonghua Rubber Plant in Shanghai (198890). The political establishment, while certainly composed of some yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is by no means monolithic. The warnings were not idle. This time the language and violence seem only frantic, not genuinely subversive or liberating. An internal notice published in 2013 by the party's central committee- the famous "Document 9" included "the Western idea of journalism" among the "seven subversive currents" along with the promotion of constitutional democracy, the universal value of human rights, participation in social life, neo-liberalism, historical nihilism, and the . In 2002, the school was renamed the Anshan Institute of Science and Technology. He was first elected to the Central Committee as an alternate member at the 15th Party Congress (1997). But Mr. Xi and his colleagues were victims of expectations that they themselves encouraged, rather than a foreign conspiracy, analysts said. Also see Wu Ming, Chinas new leader: Biography of Xi Jinping [], enlarged new edition (Hong Kong: , 2010), p. 572. But they have been disappointed. Hu volunteered to work in Tibet after graduation, where he established his patron-mentor relationship with Hu Jintao, who was then serving as party secretary (198892). He received a bachelors degree in economics (197882) and a masters degree in management (198386), both from the Department of Industrial Economics at Renmin University in Beijing. Officials have intensified efforts to block access to critical views on the Internet. Liu then served as party secretary and deputy director of the Development Research Center of the State Council (201113). Wang was transferred to Guangdong Province in 1997 to serve as vice governor. He was Liu Zhiyans only child from his first marriage, which ended in divorce. Mr. Xi will face another ideological test later in the year when the Communist Party celebrates the 120th anniversary of Maos birth. His father, Li Fengsan, was a county-level cadre in Fengyang County, Anhui3. Liu Zhiyan was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution, and he committed suicide in 1967, at the age of 49, by jumping from the Jinjian Hotel in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. Mr. Xis cherry picking of approaches from each of the rival camps, analysts say, could end up miring his own agenda in intraparty squabbling. Han joined the CCP in 1979. At a time when Xi enjoys tremendous individual power, Li can potentially be viewed as a balancing forcethough not an impressive one thus farwithin the political establishment. Subversive Currents ~ China Fears Seven Perils. In conjunction with his frequent meetings with foreign leaders in Guangdong, these trips abroad have helped to broaden Hus international experience. He was first elected to the Central Committee as a full member at the 18th Party Congress in 2012. The heat transfer function of convection currents drives the earth's ocean currents, atmospheric weather and geology. Share. Liu He is one of Xi Jinpings most trusted confidants3. Sun Chunlan was born on May 24, 1950, in Raoyang County, Hebei Province. View All. They are trying to break through our political system, and this was a classic example, he said of the newspaper protest. Hu has also traveled abroad in recent years, undertaking visits to the United States and Mexico in 2016 and to the United Kingdom, Israel, and Ireland in 2017. This refers to the pattern whereby Deng designated Hu Jintao, Jiang Zemin designated Xi Jinping, and Hu Jintao designated Hu Chunhua to be the top leaders of the succeeding generations2. Promotion of Western constitutional democracy is an attempt to negate the partys leadership, Cheng Xinping, a deputy head of propaganda for Hengyang, a city in Hunan, told a gathering of mining industry officials. Having served for two decades as a top administrator of Chinas pacesetting city, Shanghai, Han Zheng emerged from the 19th Party Congress as a top economic decision-maker in national leadership. How the relationship between these two strongmen in China, Xi and Wang, will unfold in the years to come remains to be seen. She received a technical education from the Anshan Institute of Iron and Steel Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province (196569)1. He is very important to me. Quoted from Bob Davis, Meeting Liu He, Xi Jinpings Choice to Fix a Faltering Chinese Economy, Wall Street Journal, October 6, 2013. Current name's position in town apparently. In 1998, Li was transferred to Henan Province, where he served as governor (19982003) and, concurrently, deputy party secretary (19982002) and then party secretary (200204). The couple has one daughter. After demobilization from the military, Liu worked as a manual laborer and then as an official in the Beijing Radio Factory (197478). He was the first person from his county to attend Peking University. Liu He has contributed significantly to the new economic paradigms and concepts outlined in Xi Jinpings first term, such as the economic new normal and supply-side reform. His economic outlook is remarkably liberal. Han worked in the warehouse of a lifting installation company in Shanghai, and as a clerk in the supply and marketing division of the same company. He was first elected to the Central Committee as an alternate member at the 15th Party Congress in 1997. Western anti-China forces led by the United States have joined in one after the other, and colluded with dissidents within the country to make slanderous attacks on us in the name of so-called press freedom and constitutional democracy, said Zhang Guangdong, a propaganda official in Lianyungang, citing the conclusions from the meeting of central propaganda officials. At the same time, China is increasingly using these freedoms in Europe to shape its agenda. These seven perils were enumerated in a memo, referred to as Document No. Even these relatively measured campaigns proved too much for party leaders, who are wary of any challenges that could swell into outright opposition. Han has been widely recognized as a member of the Jiang Zemin-Zeng Qinghong Shanghai Gang. Although Han served as a top CCYL official in Shanghai, his promotions have been more closely aligned with Jiangs Shanghai Gang than with the Hu Jintao-Li Keqiang CCYL faction3. At the peak of the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) crisis, Wang was appointed mayor of Beijing (200407). In fact, Xi attended the Bayi School and Beijing No. Hu Min, Hu Jintaos Five Golden Flowers (Hong Kong: Beiyunhe Press, 2012), pp. His efforts have also included concerted attempts to seek a new model of great power relations with the United States. Learn more. Its certainly had his approval and reflects his general views.. Their political connection likely began or was consolidated during her studies at the Central Party School in the early 1990s, when Hu served as president of the school2. T his month on the Criterion Channel, dive into the career of Oscar nominee Michelle Yeoh (Everything Everywhere All at Once), whose martial-arts prowess and megawatt charisma made her one of Hong Kong's greatest action heroes.From there, head back to the anything-goes exuberance of early Hollywood with our Buster Keaton retrospective and a lineup of pre-Code Paramount classics, or spend . The two met in 1969 in Yanan, where both were sent-down youths. A how-to guide for managing the end of the post-Cold War era. Current news at the front? About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . Wang most recently served as secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (201217). 9, that bears the unmistakable imprimatur of Xi Jinping, China's new top leader. Since 2006, it has been known as the Liaoning University of Science and Technology in Anshan City, Liaoning Province. One could reasonably make the point that Xi has prevented Hu Chunhua from rising to the pinnacle of power. Hu Chunhua was selected as a Politburo member in 2012 and is considered a front-runner of the so-called sixth generation leadership. discussion of "seven subversive currents," including universal values, constitutional democracy, human rights, civil society, and media freedom. It has become so pluralistic that any comparisons to that time are anachronistic. Li Meng, Li Keqiang and the class of 77 at the Department of Law at Peking University [Li Keqiang suozai de beida faluxi 77 ji], Democracy and Law [Minzhu yu fazhi], October 26, 2009. In a disappointing turn for those who have upheld more optimistic prognoses for Xiand for Chinahe opted to revert the country back to the era of strongman politics and the personality cult. For example, Bob Davis and Lingling Wei reported that both [Xi Jinping and Liu He] were schoolmates in Beijings Middle School 101 in the 1960s. Ibid. Hu advanced his political career largely through the Chinese Communist Youth League (CCYL). Before her retirement, Yao worked as an official at the China Native Produce & Animal Import and Export Corporation. Li comes from a mid-level official family. As the son-in-law of Yao Yilin, a former Politburo Standing Committee member and vice premier, Wang is considered a princeling. 9, issued in 2013 soon after Xi Jinping became party chief, warned that unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents such as support for Western . 9, the number given to it by the central party office that issued it in April. Referred to as. Hu Deping, a reform-minded former government official who has met Mr. Xi, recently issued a public warning about the leftward drift. While the timing of this constitutional change aligns well with Xis political motivations at home, it could not have come at a worse time for U.S.-China relations. Lis wife, Cheng Hong, is currently a professor of English language and literature at Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing. This left him with two potential paths for succession. That has included a visit to a historic site where Mao undertook one of his own attempts to remake the ruling party in the 1950s. Communist Party cadres gathered around China to hear that power could escape their grip, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society. This includes four military alternate members of the 18th Central Committee who were promoted to be full members of the 19th Central Committee. Instead, Mr. Xi has signaled a shift to a more conservative, traditional leftist stance with his rectification campaign to ensure discipline and conspicuous attempts to defend the legacy of Mao Zedong. For the current fiscal year, the U.S. Navy is planning on retiring over 30 vessels, but not all of these will be sent to the junkyard. He served as deputy secretary (198792) and secretary (199295) of the CCYL in Tibet. It is likely that their friendship developed through growing up together in the same neighborhood. United States, Russian subversive tools appear to be limited to information, cyber, and political ones. Psychodynamic Perspective. He served as party secretary of a production brigade in the county (197678). Yet, Xi continues to favor Chinas industrial policy and has called for making flagship state-owned enterprises bigger and stronger.. Anyone can read what you share. A similar tension exists in Xis approach to legal reforms. Asked whether they consider the exhibition subversive, Sirakovich says, "In the history of the museum, there have been things that were more subversive." And Mendelsohn adds: "I don't understand all the fuss over nudity. Xi said, This is Liu He. 2. : criticizing something in a clever and indirect way in order to make it weaker or less effective. It is not clear when Xi and Wang first met. Current below the surface. He then served as deputy director of the State Council Information Office, where he was in charge of e-commerce and international cooperation (200103). She was a visiting scholar at Brown University in the mid-1990s. For example, the fourth plenum of the 18th Party Central Committee, held in the fall of 2014, was devoted to Chinas legal reform. After that, Liu worked as a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council (198788). Other crossword clues with similar answers to 'Subsurface current'. Over the course of his first term, Xi has proven himself to be Chinas strongest leader since Deng Xiaoping. For more information on Xis family background and his early life experiences, see Liang Jian , New Biography of Xi Jinping [] (New York: Mirror Books, 2012), and Wu Ming , Biography of Xi Jinping [] (Hong Kong: , 2008). Further, Xis work report at the 19th Party Congress established the Central Leading Group of Rule of Law in the party and a constitutional review system in the state. She also took over Ling Jihuas post when Ling was under investigation in 2014. One could also make the argument that the top leader intentionally (or as a compromise) chooses his successor from the rival faction in order to unite the party leadership. Others may see Xis reversal of constitutional constraints on term limits as heralding a return to an era of vicious power strugglesa zero-sum game in which they will also ruthlessly engage in the years to come. -1. As a result, he squanders a precious opportunity to institutionalize the peaceful transfer of power in the PRC, undermining the example set by Jiang in 2002 and by Hu in 2012. Han appears to have earned Xis support, obtaining a Politburo seat after Xi became general secretary of the CCP in 2012. She was first elected to the Central Committee as an alternate member at the 15th Party Congress in 1997. Human rights advocates, he continued, want ultimately to form a force for political confrontation.. Xi was a sent-down youth at an agricultural commune in Yanchuan County, Shaanxi (196975)1. Liu He is widely considered to be an adviser rather than a policymaker. Back-draught of a wave. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. In the fall of 2013, Xi introduced Liu He to the U.S. national security advisor at the time, Tom Donilon, who was visiting Beijing. [ Read more ] Tags: china western ideas To Xi or not to Xi? Document No. Rip currents are dangerous, offshore flows of water found at beaches where waves break across a surfzone and these currents responsible for many people getting into trouble while swimming. Reform efforts have centered on marginalizing the four PLA general departments that had undermined the authority of the civilian-led CMC; transforming Chinas military operations from a Russian-style, army-centric system toward what analysts call a Western-style joint command system; and swiftly promoting young guards to top positions in the officer corps. Their perceptions of Xi as a Mao- like figure . Intellectuals will be among the first to push back and shape the public discourse. Power could escape their grip, they have been told, unless the party eradicates seven subversive currents coursing through Chinese society." An internal Party memo, referred to as Document No. Subsequently, Han served as deputy secretary (199091) and secretary (199192) of the CCYL Shanghai Municipal Committee. They have been disillusioned by Xi's leadership ever since 2013, when authorities began cracking down on open discussion of "seven subversive currents," including constitutional democracy . 9 called for the eradication of "seven subversive currents" in Chinese society including "Western constitutional democracy," universal. He then served as a member of the Secretariat of the CCYL National Committee and vice-chairman of Chinas Youth Federation (19972001). Wang is widely considered to be a protg of both Zhu Rongji and Jiang Zemin. The political establishment, while certainly composed of some yes-men willing to do the presidents bidding, is by no means monolithic. 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